The monograph of the famous theoretician, international grandmaster, champion of the USSR E. Geller is devoted to one of the most popular and complex openings in modern chess practice. In this study, a wealth of practical and theoretical material is summarized and systematized, fundamentally new assessments are given to many positions, as well as information about the history of the Old Indian defense. In the book, games played by this debut are given as examples. The book is designed for highly qualified chess players.